Have you been scratching your head more than usual? Or noticed some red patches on your scalp that won’t go away? You’re not alone. Scalp infections are more common, so they are often ignored. No matter if it’s the non-stop itch, flakes, or weird-looking spots, these signs could be your scalp’s way of calling for help. If they are not treated, these signs can quickly turn into scalp infections that can cause discomfort and even hair loss. There are two main types of scalp infections that have different symptoms and causes. By understanding the scalp infection you’re dealing with, you can get the right treatment and prevent further issues. So, if you have an irritated scalp or unexpected hair problems, this blog will help you understand what scalp infection you are dealing with.
Understanding Scalp Infections
Scalp infections happen when microorganisms like bacteria or fungi affect the scalp (skin on your head) or the hair follicles. This can cause issues like redness, itching, swelling, and sometimes even lead to hair loss. Examples of scalp infections are scalp ringworm (tinea capitis), folliculitis, etc.
What is a Fungal Scalp Infection?
Fungal scalp infections are usually caused by dermatophytes, which is simply know as tinea capitis or scalp ringworm. But don’t worry, there are no actual worms, it’s just a group of fungi that grow in sweaty and warm areas like your scalp. This infection can easily spread through contact, like towels, combs, and even pets. The scalp fungi feed on the keratin and cause flakes, inflammation, and hair loss. Treatments for this infection include oral medication and specific shampoos to stop the infection and bring back scalp health.
Symptoms of Fungal Scalp Infections
- Round, scaly patches of hair loss: If you see round spots on your scalp that are red and scaly, they are a common sign of fungal infection. In the affected area of the scalp, your hair may fall out or break off close to the scalp.
- Itchy, flaky, or inflamed skin: The fungi in your scalp can trigger an inflammation and make your skin feel irritated, sensitive, or hot. This can cause non-stop itching, scratching, which causes more problems.
- Red or greyish areas on the scalp: Another sign that your scalp has been infected by fungi is the red or grey/ashy color in the affected area. This is because of scaling and inflammation of the skin.
- Brittle or broken hair strands: If your hair feels weaker than usual or breaks off near the scalp, it is a symptom of a fungal scalp infection. It happens because the fungi feed on the keratin and make your hair brittle and dry.
- Pus-filled sores or abscesses in advanced cases: In severe fungal infection cases, your scalp will develop pus-filled bumps called kerions. They can be very painful and lead to scarring and permanent loss of hair if you don’t get them treated.
What is a Bacterial Scalp Infection?
Bacterial scalp infections can happen due to cuts, open wounds, or irritated skin. The most common cause behind this is a bacteria which is known as Staphylococcus aureus, it enters the hair follicles and causes redness, pus-filled bumps, oozing cuts, blisters, and inflammation. If untreated, it leads to bigger issues like scarring or permanent hair thinning. Bacterial infection appears suddenly and can be painful to touch. Folliculitis, cellulitis, and impetigo are some of the bacterial infections that can happen on the scalp.
Sweating too much, maintaining poor scalp hygiene, and scratching can trigger bacterial scalp infection. Treatments can range from topical antibiotic applications to special scalp treatments.
Key Differences: Fungal vs. Bacterial Scalp Infections
| Fungal Infection | Bacterial Infection | |
|---|---|---|
| Cause | Fungi (Tinea capitis) | Bacteria (Staphyococcus) |
| Symptoms | Round patches, itchiness, and scaling | Redness, crusty and painful pus-filled bumps |
| Hair Loss | Patchy scalp and broken hair strands | It can happen in infected areas |
| How The Infection Can Happen | Combs, Towel, Pets, etc, through contact | When bacteria enter the cuts or wounds on the scalp |
| Treatments | Oral antifungal and medicated shampoos | Topical applications and oral antibiotics |
When to Visit a Hair Clinic
- Non-stop itch and discomfort: If your scalp is still itchy or swollen after using various over-the-counter applications, you need a professional diagnosis.
- Sudden hair loss: Fungal infections can sometimes lead to patches of hair loss, which need immediate attention.
- Pus formation, discoloration, and scaling: Pus-filled bumps, red or grey spots, and scaling are signs you should get your scalp checked out by a professional.
Final Thoughts
In conclusion, scalp infection can be caused by fungi and bacteria, both have unique features. You can identify which type of scalp infection you have and get it treated to stop the symptoms. So, if you have any of these symptoms mentioned above, consult a Hair specialist who can provide the right treatment.
Dr. Shahid Shamsher is one of India’s first certified Trichologist practicing in the field of Trichology for 27 years and is recognized as one of the Best Hair Doctor in Bangalore. He is the only Trichologist in India to be simultaneously certified from the U.K, Australia, and India.
Dr. Shahid Shamsher is one of India’s first certified Trichologist practicing in the field of Trichology for 27 years and is recognized as one of the Best Hair Doctor in Bangalore. He is the only Trichologist in India to be simultaneously certified from the U.K, Australia, and India.
