Melasma is not a disease. It is only a disorder showing patches of pigmentation resulting from increased Melanin, a pigment normally present in skin. It is usually seen as brownish or gray patches over the cheeks, nose, fore head, upper lip and chin. Though it is commonly seen in women of childbearing age, up to 10% of men may also get the condition.
Causes of Melasma
Common causes include pregnancy, use of contraceptive pills and exposure to sunlight. However, genetic factors, hormonal imbalances, certain medications, liver dysfunction, deficient nutrition may all play a role. It is not hereditary but it may run in some families. In pregnant ladies it may clear after delivery. If drugs/contraceptive pills have caused it, it may clear after stopping them.
Elaborate Tests
Usually, dermatologists diagnose Melasma by clinical examination. Examination under a special lamp helps to find out whether the pigment is nearer the surface or deep-seated. Only a small percentage of patients may require detailed workup.
Treatment
Most important thing is to avoid exposure to sun and use a good sunscreen lotion recommended by” a dermatologist to prevent further darkening of the pigment. Creams containing peeling agents (E.g., Tretinoin, Kojic acid) and bleaching agents (E.g. Hydroquinone, Azelaie acid) are used to lighten the pigment already present in the skin. Improvement can be expected after 6-8 weeks of treatment. But it may have to be continued for 6-12 months. Persons with pigment in the superficial layer of skin can expect significant improvement. Those with deep-seated pigment do not benefit much.
Other Methods of Treatment
Chemical Peels done with mild acids such as glycolic acid and some type of lasers are also being used. But in Indian skin types, there is a risk of pigmentation changes following aggressive treatment-hence such treatments should only be done in the hands of a trained dermatologist.
Dr. Pranjal Shamsher is the first Skin Doctor in Bangalore to offer natural, non-surgical and non-invasive treatments for skin disorders. With over 25 years of experience in the field Dermatology, Dr. Pranjal Shamsher has devised a unique Multi-Therapy approach involving the use of several therapies at the same, to treat the most stubborn, obstinate and long-standing skin disorders with a skin-friendly and 100% side-effect free results. Her integrated and Multi-Therapy approach has helped many chronic disease sufferers to recover safely without any side-effects.
Dr. Shahid Shamsher is one of India’s first certified Trichologist practicing in the field of Trichology for 27 years and is recognized as one of the Best Hair Doctor in Bangalore. He is the only Trichologist in India to be simultaneously certified from the U.K, Australia, and India.
